1 .What
They Mean
-FAT32 is
the older of the two drive formats. FAT had been the standard format
for floppy disks and hard drives all through the DOS years, and versions of
Windows up to and including Windows 8
-NTFS
(New Technology Files System) is the newer drive format. . Windows 7 and 8 default to NTFS format on new PCs.
2.Compatibility
-FAT32 is
read/write compatible with a majority of recent and recently obsolete operating
systems, including DOS, most flavors of Windows (up to and including 8), Mac OS
X, and many flavors of UNIX-descended operating systems, including Linux and
FreeBSD.
-NTFS, on
the other hand, is fully read/write compatible with Windows from Windows NT 3.1
and Windows XP up to and including Windows 8. Mac OS X 10.3 and beyond have
NFTS read capabilities, but writing to a NTFS volume requires a third party
software utility like Paragon NTFS for Mac. There are other hacks and
workarounds for NTFS on the Mac, but in any case NTFS is only semi-compatible
with OS X. NTFS on Linux systems is spotty for both read and write operations.
Look for NTFS-3G driver support on your Linux support page to see if it's built
in.
3.File
Size Matters
-FAT32
file size support tops out at 4GB and volume size tops out at 2TB. This means
that you're limited to 2TB FAT32 partitions if you want to use a 4TB drive. It
also means that you are limited to 4GB files. This is a concern with
uncompressed high-definition movie files, where 30GB files are not unheard of.
Theoretically, NTFS is limited by design to 16EB (Exabytes). One Exabyte is the
equivalent of one billion Gigabytes, so we're quite a ways away from maxing out
NTFS. In practice, 2 to 4TB volumes are the limit at this time. Larger volumes
will require a 64-bit OS and compatible hardware.
4.Which is
Faster?
-While
file transfer speed and maximum throughput is limited by the slowest link
(usually the hard drive interface to the PC like SATA or a network interface
like 3G WWAN), NTFS formatted hard drives have tested faster on benchmark tests
than FAT32 formatted drives. Other factors will be in play, however, including
drive technology (HDD vs. SDD, Flash vs. non-Flash, etc.) and file
fragmentation (on spinning drives).
-While
your OS usually makes the choice of hard drive format for you ahead of time,
you can choose which format when you're re-formatting a drive, particularly an
external drive. If you need the drive for a Windows-only environment, NTFS is
the best choice. If you need to exchange files (even occasionally) with a
non-Windows system like a Mac or Linux box, then FAT32 will give you less
agita, as long as your file sizes are smaller than 4GB.
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